2453066 - Error message during processing in BI due to data misalignment

An InfoPackage request fails with an "Error message during processing in BW" or "Error message during processing in BI". When investiating further, you find one of the following errors:

• Error 'The argument (...) cannot be interpreted as a number' when assigning application structure, line (...), contents (...)
  Message no. RSDS016
• Record (...):Contents (...) from field (...) cannot be converted in type (...) ->longtext
  Message no. RSAR197
• Error in an arithmetic operation in record (...)
  Message no. RSAR117

SAP Netweaver BW

RSAR, 197, 117, RSDS, 016, PSA, invalid, character, extractor, ECC, load, unicode, CONVT_NO_NUMBER, SAPLCJPN, CONVERSION_EXIT_KONPR_OUTPUT , KBA , BC-BW , BW Service API , BW-WHM-DST , Data Staging , Problem